QTM103 · Qubits, Superposition and Entanglement

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About Course

Work hands-on with single and multiple qubits: visualize states on the Bloch sphere, measure in different bases, create all four Bell states and see how noise affects real quantum information.

Build · 6 hours · 4 lessons, a lab, an assessed assignment and a portfolio piece

Who it is for

Learners who know the basic math of quantum states and want to apply it to real qubit behavior using Qiskit.

Prerequisites

QTM102 (vectors, matrices and probability); basic Python is helpful.

What you will be able to do

  • Describe any single-qubit pure state with Bloch-sphere angles and identify relative versus global phase
  • Predict and verify measurement results in the Z and X bases using Qiskit
  • Create and identify the four Bell states and explain what entanglement does and does not allow
  • Explain decoherence, T1 and T2 times and readout error, and estimate their effect on simple experiments

Lessons

  • Lesson 1 · The single qubit and the Bloch sphere
  • Lesson 2 · Measurement and entanglement
  • Lesson 3 · Noise, decoherence and real qubits
  • Lesson 4 · Lab and assignment

Lab: Bloch spheres and Bell states in Qiskit

You prepare single-qubit states with rotation gates, plot them on the Bloch sphere and measure them in two bases. You then create the four Bell states, sample 2,000 shots of each and compare correlations. Finally, you add a simple noise model to see how readout errors distort the results.

Free tools: Google Colab (free) with Qiskit and the Statevector tools in qiskit.quantum_info

Assessed assignment

Produce a short lab report that answers three questions with evidence from your notebook. First, how does the measured distribution change as you rotate a qubit from the north pole to the equator of the Bloch sphere? Second, how do the four Bell states differ in Z-basis and X-basis correlations? Third, how much readout error does it take before a Bell state's correlation drops below 90 percent? Include plots, tables and a one-paragraph explanation of what entanglement can and cannot be used for.

Criterion Weight What excellent work looks like
Experimental design 25% Each question is tested with a clear circuit, enough shots and controlled changes.
Correct results 30% Measured distributions match theory within sampling error, and deviations are explained.
Visualization 20% Bloch plots, histograms and tables are labeled and easy to read.
Conceptual explanation 25% Accurately explains phase, measurement bases, entanglement limits (no faster-than-light signaling, no cloning) and noise.

Portfolio piece

A Qiskit lab report with Bloch-sphere plots, Bell-state correlation tables and a noise sensitivity analysis.

Self-paced, 12-month access. Questions are answered in writing through the student panel. A completion record is issued when you finish the course.

Next step

Continue with QTM104 · Quantum Gates and Circuits · 6 hours · $42.00

Continue to the next course

Prefer the whole program? Program in Quantum Computing Foundations · $277.00 (10% less than buying the courses separately)

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What Will You Learn?

  • Describe any single-qubit pure state with Bloch-sphere angles and identify relative versus global phase
  • Predict and verify measurement results in the Z and X bases using Qiskit
  • Create and identify the four Bell states and explain what entanglement does and does not allow
  • Explain decoherence, T1 and T2 times and readout error, and estimate their effect on simple experiments

Course Content

QTM103 · Qubits, Superposition and Entanglement (6 h)
Work hands-on with single and multiple qubits: visualize states on the Bloch sphere, measure in different bases, create all four Bell states and see how noise affects real quantum information.

  • Lesson 1 · The single qubit and the Bloch sphere
  • Lesson 2 · Measurement and entanglement
  • Lesson 3 · Noise, decoherence and real qubits
  • Lesson 4 · Lab and assignment
  • QTM103 Assessment · Qubits, Superposition and Entanglement
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